Material: transparent solid material
Data source: digital model of the human body
The 3D-printed model of the blood vessels and nerves of the hand is a transparent wrapping model. The skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, and other structures are made of transparent material, while the bones, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves are made of full-color material. The internal anatomy is clearly visible through the transparent materials, and its structure corresponds to a real specimen.
Most blood vessels and nerves are in a hollow state, which allows for the preservation of their true spatial arrangement and accurately conveys the morphological features of normal blood vessels and nerves of the hand. In anatomical preparations, blood vessels and nerves are often directly attached to the surface of adjacent muscles and tendons, distorting their actual anatomical position.
### Data source
The data were selected from high-precision digital anatomical images, including original tomographic data, refined segmentation, and 3D geometric models of organ structures (bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, ligaments, and other anatomical structures). The voxel size in this dataset is 0.0384 mm * 0.0384 mm * 0.1 mm. Also, human body specimens fixed in formalin were used for comparison and verification of the model.
### Modeling
The surface voxels of each anatomical structure were extracted from the original tomographic dataset to create texture maps of the geometric model, ensuring that the appearance of each anatomical structure corresponds to a real anatomical specimen.